Down's Syndrome

Down's Syndrome is caused by having 47 chromosomes in every cell of the body, instead of

46, resulting in a degree of developmental delay. It also produces a number of distinctive

physical characteristics. The pupils are usually healthy but hearing, heart and respiratory

problems are quite common.

Pupils with Down's Syndrome experience learning difficulties within the moderate to severe

range.

Difficulties

  • gross and fine motor skills
  • speech and language delay
  • auditory perception
  • possible hearing loss/prone to colds/ear infections
  • limited attention span
  • may need more time to grasp learning concepts
  • health problems
  • bowel control
  • stubborn; temper tantrums

Support Strategies

Ensure that

  • teaching is broken down into very small steps
  •  opportunities exist for reinforcement, repetition and revision
  • a wide range of brief tasks is set
  • a variety of appropriate, concrete materials is available
  • rewards are inbuilt to promote on-task effort
  • pupil is socially integrated
  • confrontation is avoided to encourage acceptable behaviour

Additional information

  • good home-school liaison is required re health, medication etc
  • ICT is a useful tool to improve concentration
  • school should take advice from parents and physiotherapist on PE/physical activities
  • pupils with Down’s Syndrome can be very affectionate and like to please
  • positive relationships are easily developed.
  • be aware of heart problems when asking pupil to exercise… They may not be able to tell you they have a heart problem/have had heart surgery.

Recommended Reading

Homan, J, (1997) Spotlight on Special Educational Needs: Medical Conditions, NASEN, Tamworth.  ISBN 0 906730 96 1

Lorenz, S (1998) Children with Down's Syndrome: A Guide for Teachers and Learning Support Assistants in Mainstream Primary and Secondary Schools, Fulton, London

Contact and Web Sites

Down's Syndrome Association  The Langdon Down Centre 2A Langdon Park, TeddingtonTW11 9PS

www.downs-syndrome.org.uk emailinfo@downs-syndrome.org.uk

Down's Syndrome Educational Trust            www.downsnet.org/downsed/

Down’s Syndrome Scotland, 150/160 Balgreen Road, Edinburgh EH11 3AU

e-mail Info@dsscotland.org.uk

www.dsscotland.org.uk/