Muscular Dystrophy

There are several types of Muscular Dystrophy which cause breakdown of muscle fibre and gradually increasing muscle weakness. Some types affect both sexes but the most common form, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, affects only boys. Periods of deterioration and remission can alternate but, in the later stages, the use of a wheelchair (electric) may be necessary. Weakness of the back muscles may cause curvature of the spine, affecting the sitting position and breathing, making the pupil prone to chest infections. The disease is progressive and has no cure; life expectancy is limited due to weakening of the heart and breathing muscles. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is the most common of the dystrophies but Becker is a similar type where deterioration advances at a slower rate. Pupils affected can be found within the full ability range.

Difficulties

• poor balance

• easily tired

• increasing loss of motor control

• decreasing mobility

• increasing dependence on others

• absences

• discomfort when seated for long periods

Support Strategies

Ensure that

• pupil can move around to find a comfortable sitting position

• pupil is not embarrassed by growing dependence on others

• length of task does not physically overtax pupil

• while mobile, pupil is closely supervised to prevent falls etc

• materials are readily accessible

• classroom organisation allows for easy movement of wheelchair

• if needed, special aids are available eg special scissors, pencil grips, Dycem mats etc

• volume of written work is limited, provide a computer or tape recorder as alternative means of recording work

Additional information

• increasing absences may interrupt education

• good home-school links are essential

• seek advice from relevant agencies eg physiotherapy, psychological services